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WWII On This Day: November 19

What happened on November 19 during World War II? This date brings together 2 events from 1940 and 1942, with period photographs and links to the full operations documented across WW2 Theatres.

1940
London, 7th September 1940 · London's dock area. Tower Bridge stands out against a background of smoke and fires. New York Times Paris Bureau Collection.
U.S. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA 541917) · Public domain
The Blitz

The offensive widens beyond London

After Coventry the Luftwaffe increasingly attacked industrial and port cities beyond London. Birmingham, Bristol, Southampton, Sheffield and Manchester were among the major targets struck during the following weeks. The target categories overlapped. A raid against an aircraft works could also hit dense housing; a port attack could strike warehouses, railway yards and residential districts; incendiaries aimed at creating large fires could destroy both industrial and civilian property. The change should not be reduced to a newly 'coherent' economic strategy replacing an irrational London campaign. The Luftwaffe was pursuing several effects…

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1942
Red Army soldiers carrying a Soviet flag through the ruins of Stalingrad in 1943.
Bundesarchiv Bild 183-R76619 · CC BY-SA 3.0 DE · Source
Battle of Stalingrad

Operation Uranus opens against the northern Axis flank

At 07:30, after the Soviet alert and fire commands had been transmitted through the northern armies, roughly 3,500 guns and mortars opened on the Romanian Third Army. Snow and poor visibility limited air activity, but the frozen ground allowed heavy formations to move once breaches appeared. Fifth Tank Army and 21st Army attacked from the Serafimovich and Kletskaya bridgeheads. Rifle divisions opened the battle; tank and cavalry corps were committed through the gaps during the afternoon. Romanian formations lacked enough effective anti-tank weapons and reserves to stop the mass of…

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