The Second Great Fire of London
On 29 December 136 German aircraft attacked the City of London in a raid weighted heavily toward incendiaries. High explosive damaged roads and water mains before fires multiplied among offices, warehouses, churches and narrow streets. Imperial War Museums records 163 civilians killed. Material destruction was enormous: eight Wren churches were among the buildings lost or damaged, and fire threatened the area around St Paul's Cathedral. The raid exposed weaknesses in fire watching during a holiday period and showed how water supply, access and staffing could magnify an incendiary attack. Herbert…
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